Processes When Typing Google.com | Arc Search
Processes When Typing Google.com
🌐 DNS Request — When you type ‘google.com’, your browser requests a DNS server to translate the domain name into an IP address, which acts like an internet address book.
🤝 TCP/IP Handshake — After obtaining the IP address, your computer connects with Google’s server using the TCP/IP protocol, ensuring reliable data transmission.
🔒 Secure Connection — The browser initiates a secure connection using HTTPS, employing SSL or TLS encryption to protect data exchanged between your computer and the server.
🚦 Load Balancer — Google’s infrastructure uses a load balancer to distribute incoming requests across multiple servers, ensuring efficient traffic handling.
📄 Webpage Components — The server processes the request and sends back the necessary HTML, CSS, and JavaScript files to render Google’s homepage on your browser.
DNS and IP Address
📖 DNS Function — The Domain Name System (DNS) translates human-readable domain names like ‘google.com’ into IP addresses that computers use to identify each other on the network.
🔍 DNS Cache — Before querying a DNS server, the browser checks its local DNS cache for the IP address to speed up the process.
📡 DNS Query — If the IP address is not cached, the browser sends a query to a DNS server, often provided by the user’s Internet Service Provider (ISP).
🔄 Recursive DNS — If the initial DNS server does not have the IP address, it performs a recursive search, querying other DNS servers until it finds the correct address.
🗺️ IP Address — The DNS server returns the IP address of the Google server, allowing the browser to initiate a connection.
TCP/IP Connection
🔗 TCP/IP Protocol — The Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) is a set of rules governing the connection and communication between computers on the Internet.
🤝 Three-Way Handshake — The connection begins with a three-way handshake involving SYN, SYN-ACK, and ACK packets to establish a reliable connection.
📦 Data Packets — Once the connection is established, data is sent in packets, each containing a portion of the webpage data.
📶 Reliable Transmission — TCP ensures that packets are delivered accurately and in the correct order, resending any lost packets.
🛡️ *Error Checking — * TCP includes error-checking mechanisms to detect and correct errors in data transmission.
Webpage Rendering
🖥️ *HTML, CSS, JavaScript — * The server sends back HTML, CSS, and JavaScript files, which the browser uses to render the webpage.
🎨 HTML Structure — HTML provides the structure of the webpage, defining elements like headings, paragraphs, and links.
🎨 CSS Styling — CSS is used to style the webpage, controlling the layout, colors, fonts, and other visual aspects.
🖱️ JavaScript Interactivity — JavaScript adds interactivity to the webpage, enabling dynamic content and user interactions.
🔄 Rendering Process — The browser parses the HTML, applies CSS styles, and executes JavaScript to display the final webpage.
Conclusion
When you type “google.com” into your browser, several processes occur to load the website. First, a DNS request translates the domain name into an IP address. Next, a TCP/IP handshake is initiated to establish a reliable connection between your device and Google’s server. A secure HTTPS connection, protected by SSL/TLS encryption, is established, and Google’s load balancer distributes the request to the appropriate server. The server then returns HTML, CSS, and JavaScript files, which your browser uses to render the page. Finally, the webpage is displayed, allowing for dynamic interactions through JavaScript.
